How many CIE dogs were included in the study?

• A. 18
• B. 12
• C. 24
• D. 30

Answer: (C)

Understanding the size of the disease group is essential for interpreting study results. In this study, twenty-four client-owned dogs diagnosed with CIE were included as the study population. That count defines the primary analytic group and is the figure used for all calculations involving the CIE cohort. A sample of this size offers a reasonable balance between practical recruitment and statistical power: it provides enough data to estimate outcomes with moderate precision and to detect meaningful differences given typical effect sizes in veterinary studies. If the group were much smaller, confidence intervals would be wide and the study might miss real effects; if it were larger, conclusions would be more precise but recruitment would be harder. Thus, twenty-four is the figure reported for the CIE dogs included, and it’s the basis for interpreting the study’s findings related to that group.